کمای ساورزی؛ از نشانه سلامت مرتع تا راهنمای احیا و چرای پایدار در استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسنده

• کاظم ساعدی

استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

کلیدواژه‌ها

• احیای مراتع
• استقرار گیاهچه
• تولید علوفه
• خواب بذر
• مدیریت چرا

موضوعات

• علوم مرتبط با مرتع در ناحیه رویشی زاگرس و مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک کشور

Giant fennel; an indicator of rangeland health and a guide to restoration and sustainable grazing in Kurdistan province, Iran

Kazem Saedi

Assistant Professor, Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran.
Email: k.saedi@areeo.ac.ir | ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3117-5199

 Received: 07/July/2026     Revised: 01/August/2026     Accepted: 02/August/2026

Abstract

In this analytical article, the practical findings of several field and laboratory studies on Ferula haussknechtii H.Wolff ex Rech.f., one of the important rangeland species, are synthesized and interpreted. The applicable findings and management recommendations derived from these studies are presented with regard to the species’ resistance to sheep grazing, seed germination and dormancy release, direct seeding and seed broadcasting, forage production, and forage preference. An assessment of the species’ distribution indicates that F. haussknechtii occurs predominantly in less-degraded rangelands and areas with a history of long-term grazing exclusion. Accordingly, its presence may be considered an important component of the vegetation composition in several rangelands of Kurdistan Province in Iran, including the Saral rangelands, the central Abidar rangelands, and the high-elevation areas of eastern Badr and Parishan. The results of grazing-resistance studies showed that the species was able to survive and maintain growth under all levels of biomass removal evaluated. In addition, germination studies indicated that the seeds of F. haussknechtii exhibit deep physiological dormancy and that exposure to natural conditions associated with snow melt plays an important role in dormancy release. Therefore, direct seeding and seed broadcasting in natural rangelands are likely to have low establishment success in the absence of appropriate seed pre-treatments. The mean forage production of F. haussknechtii in the Zardavan area of Saral exceeded 500 kg dry matter ha⁻¹, and a strong relationship was observed between annual precipitation and standing biomass production of the species. These findings indicate that the forage-production capacity of F. haussknechtii is strongly influenced by annual precipitation. Based on the findings of these studies, the main extension recommendations include the use of nursery-grown seedlings for species establishment, incorporation of rest periods into annual grazing systems, and the use of locally adapted livestock breeds. These measures can contribute to the sustainable utilization of F. haussknechtii, reduce excessive forage losses, and improve the efficiency of livestock production in rangelands where the species constitutes an important component of the vegetation.

Keywords: Forage production, grazing management, rangeland restoration, seed dormancy, seedling establishment.

Citation:

Saedi, K. 2026. Giant fennel; an indicator of rangeland health and a guide to restoration and sustainable grazing in Kurdistan province, Iran. Zagros Ecosystem and Sustainable Development, 1(2): 1-8.

DOI: 10.22034ZAGROS.2026.373455.1028

URL: https://zagros.areeo.ac.ir/article_135966.html

ساعدی، ک. ۱۴۰۵. کمای ساورزی؛ از نشانه سلامت مرتع تا راهنمای احیا و چرای پایدار در استان کردستان. زیست‌بوم و توسعه پایدار زاگرس، 1(2): 8-1.

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