زراعت زیراشکوب در جنگل‌های زاگرس: عاملی مهم در تخریب بوم‌سازگان و تغییر کاربری جنگل به کشاورزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله ترویجی

نویسندگان

• سعیده اسکندری ¹
• حمزه علی شیرمردی ²
• مجید توکلی ³

¹ موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور

² مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری

³ استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج

چکیده

کلیدواژه‌ها

• اطلاعات زمانی- مکانی
• جنگل‌های بلوط
• کشت زیراشکوب
• مدیریت حفاظتی زاگرس
• نقشه رقومی

موضوعات

• علوم مرتبط با جنگل در ناحیه رویشی زاگرس و مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک کشور

Understory agriculture in Iran's Zagros forests: An important factor in ecosystem destruction and land use change from forest to agriculture

Saeedeh Eskandari^1*, Hamzeh-Ali Shirmardi², Majid Tavakoli³

[1]^*- Associate professor, Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. Email: saeede.scandari@yahoo.com |  ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0099-600X

2- Assistant professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shahrekord, Iran

3- Assistant prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Lorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khorram Abad, Iran

Received: 23/June/2026     Revised: 20/July/2026     Accepted: 23/July/2026

Abstract

The Zagros forests have different ecological, economic, and social functions which have been widely destroyed because of various reasons in recent years. One of the most important factors of destruction of these ecosystems is the development of understory agriculture in these forests, which causes a gradual change from forest to agriculture and it is a serious threat to the Zagros habitat, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The first solution to prevent the extension of understory agriculture is to be aware of its distribution and current area so that a proper management can be carried out to control it. Meanwhile, conducting the field surveys in whole Zagros habitat to monitor understory agriculture is time-consuming and costly. While the use of modern technologies such as remote sensing provides the possibility of the provision of the repetitive data in the extensive and inaccessible areas at different temporal and spatial scales. In this regard, investigation of studies conducted on monitoring the understory agriculture in some Zagros provinces has shown that this land use covers a relatively large part of the forests. The first solution to prevent the quick development of this land use is to prepare a digital map of it in all Zagros provinces in 10-year periods, which plays an effective role in knowledge of its area and distribution in the Zagros forests. The understory agriculture map will be very useful for natural resource managers in the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization of the country in order to control this land use and prevent its development, prioritize the critical areas, plan the control, and promote the participatory forest restoration. Also, monitoring the development of understory agriculture by satellite images, concentrating the agriculture, holding the training workshops for rural people, usage of the indigenous knowledge of the forest-residents to decrease the conversion of forest to agriculture, and restoration and development of the participatory afforestation are the promotional recommendations which can be effective in controlling the understory agriculture in the Zagros forests.

Keywords: Digital map, oak forests, protective management of Zagros, spatio-temporal information, understory agriculture.

Citation:

Eskandari, S., Shirmardi, H.A., Tavakoli, M., 2026. Understory agriculture in Iran's Zagros forests: An important factor in ecosystem destruction and land use change from forest to agriculture. Zagros Ecosystem and Sustainable Development, 1(1): 82-89.

DOI: 10.22034/ZAGROS.2026.373310.1026                                                                                          

URL: https://zagros.areeo.ac.ir/article_135918.html

اسکندری، س.، شیرمردی، ح.، توکلی، م.، 1405. زراعت زیراشکوب در جنگل‌های زاگرس: عاملی مهم در تخریب بوم‌سازگان و تغییر کاربری جنگل به کشاورزی. زیست‌بوم و توسعه پایدار زاگرس، 1(1): 89-82.